Nails can act as significant indicators of overall health, and dermatologists stress that alterations in color, shape, or texture may indicate underlying medical issues. Paying careful attention to these signs can facilitate early detection of problems. Dr. Zainab Laftah from HCA Healthcare UK observes that unusual colors such as white, yellow, blue, black, and red frequently suggest systemic issues rather than merely cosmetic concerns.
White or pale nails may indicate anemia, heart problems, or kidney disease, while white spots or streaks could reflect allergies, trauma, diabetes, or fungal infections. Yellow nails might imply thyroid disorders, lung disease, or chronic fungal infections. Blue nails generally signify low oxygen levels, which may be associated with heart or lung disease, and persistent dark streaks could indicate melanoma. Red nails may suggest heart disease, kidney problems, or autoimmune disorders like lupus.
In addition to color, changes in shape also provide health insights. Spoon-shaped nails, where the edges curve upward, may signify iron deficiency or cardiovascular disease. Clubbing, characterized by swollen fingertips and rounded nail beds, is linked to heart and lung disorders, digestive problems, and chronic infections. Such alterations in shape require immediate medical attention as they often reflect long-standing internal conditions.
Texture irregularities are equally significant. Brittle nails may arise from hypothyroidism or nutrient deficiencies, while small pits could indicate psoriasis. Vertical ridges may suggest deficiencies in vitamin B12, iron, zinc, or magnesium. Weakness, chipping, and peeling may result from insufficient levels of vitamins A or C, indicating inadequate nutritional support for nail growth.
Given that nails reflect both localized and systemic health, persistent changes should not be overlooked. Monitoring color, shape, and texture is essential for identifying when something is amiss beneath the surface. These early visual indicators often manifest before more severe symptoms.
Regularly examining your nails can aid in early diagnosis and prompt treatment.